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Microprocessor Types and Specifications

  The brain or engine of the PC is the processor (sometimes called microprocessor), or central processing unit (CPU). The CPU performs the system’s calculating and processing. The processor is easily the most expensive single component in the system, costing up to four or more times greater than the motherboard it plugs into. Intel is generally credited with inventing the microprocessor in 1971 and they have almost total control over the market today, at least for PC systems. This means that all-PC compatible system use either Intel processors from a handful of competitors (such as ADM or Cyrix). The following sections cover the different types of processor chips that have been used in personal computers since the first PC was introduced almost two decades ago. Theses sections provide a great deal of technical detail about these chips and explain why one type of CPU chip can do more work than another in a given period of time.

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